The Problem Of White Collar Criminality - 918 Words

White-collar criminality is generally considered to be crimes of the rich and powerful. It can be extremely hard to study the levels of these types of crimes due to many reasons. These can include the idea that they usually go under the radar because nobody suspects respectable conformers to commit a crime and suffer the possible loss of attained assets. The notion of sample bias also comes into play as it a vast area of criminal statistics exclude upper class crimes. Lastly because the upper class are seen to be ‘immune because of the class bias of the courts and thei[r own personal] power’. (Sutherland: 2004: 7) The differential association theory is in some ways flawed as the heart of Sutherland’s (1939) approach is based on the concept of learning amongst people who share the same anti criminal or pro criminal values and attitudes. In white collar crime, the offender is typically well educated and has been brought up in groups with anti-criminal values. ‘Are we dealing with crimes committed for or against organizations?’ (Nelken: 2002: 851) This must mean that the process of learning has happened in some other way. Sutherland’s (1939) research prompted other criminologists to develop his ideas to try and fill in the loopholes. Akers and Burgess (1996) expanded on Sutherland’s (1939) ideas and so, sculpted the social learning theory which also looked at psychological aspects of criminality. It was based on the differential association theory and operant conditioningShow MoreRelatedWhite Collar and Corporate Crime Pose for Explanations of Criminality1010 Words   |  4 PagesWhat Kinds of Problems do White Collar and Corporate Crime Pose for Explanations of Criminality Until relatively recently, the concept of the criminal was that of a person who, somehow disadvantaged and disenfranchised from society, decided to ignore societal laws and concentrate on increasing his personal worth at the expense of society. The idea of the criminal as the outsider became an accepted part of criminological theory, so much so that almost all modern theories of criminology focus onRead MoreWhite Collar Crime And Criminal Behavior1534 Words   |  7 Pagescrime and those at risk of criminal behaviour. White collar crime is a term founded less than a century ago within 1939 by Edwin Sutherland. He identified white collar crime as crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation (Hirschi, 1987, pg 953). Sutherland strived to explain all types of crimes. He proposed that crime occurred beyond the streets, within the business and politic realm. White collar crimes differ heavily from street crime, asRead MoreAn Extend ed And Restorative Version Of Chambliss 1978 Work968 Words   |  4 Pagesapparent, Chambliss’s aim was to find out what similarities credited local, state and national political figures share. He speculates that all of these political figures have, to some extent been involved with a form of white collar crime. Chambliss focuses on Seattle’s history of white collar crime and political corruption throughout adjoining its associations with bureaucracy, politics and power. With the intention to gain clarification and substance behind his given argument. In Seattle, WashingtonRead MoreWhite Collar Crime Theories, Laws, and Processes785 Words   |  3 PagesWhite Collar Crime Theories, Laws, and Processes Name Tutor Course Title Date Submitted White Collar Crime Theories, Laws, and Processes: The term white collar crime was first introduced by Edwin Sutherland, a criminologist and sociologist, in 1939. The criminologist defined the term as offenses committed by individuals of respectability and high social status while in their different occupations. He also included criminal offenses carried out by corporations and other lawful organizationsRead MoreFederal Bureau of Investigation and White Collar Crimes1927 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿White Collar Crime White Collar Crime White Collar Crimes are those illegal acts which are characterized by deceit, concealment, or violation of trust and which are not dependent upon the application or threat of physical force or violence. Individuals and organizations commit these acts to obtain money, property, or services; to avoid the payment or loss of money or services; or to secure personal or business advantage. ~Federal Bureau of Investigation More citizens around the world in theRead MorePrisoners Rights954 Words   |  4 Pagesprison inmates and nearly half of all state prisoners are white or white Hispanic, not African American. More than four out of 10 prisoners were raised in two-parent families, and more than half had fulltime jobs before their arrest† (Society, 2013). Most people lose focus of the different kinds of criminals including white collar crime. â€Å"It’s important to understand that as white collar crimes evolved over the years, so too has the white collar criminal. It is this phenomenon that criminologistsRead MoreThe Growing Problem of White Collar Crimes in India19963 Words   |  80 PagesThe Growing Problem of White Collar Crimes in India â€Å"The practitioners of evil, the hoarders, the profiteers, the black marketers and speculators are the worst enemies of our society. They have to be dealt with sternly, however well placed important and influential they may be; if we acquiesce in wrongdoing, people will lose faith in us†- Dr Radhakrishnan Methodology The research methodology used for the present research article is traditional DoctrinalRead MoreWhite Collar Crime941 Words   |  4 PagesA present day study of the term white collar crime, is as controversial as it is general. If you log onto the F.B.I. website to see a host of crimes ranging from health care fraud to computer fraud. (www.fbi.gov) Criminologists, with a focus on the law, contend that many of the behaviors society believes to be white collar crimes are in fact not crimes at all. Without a statute to define a behavior as a criminal violation of law, behaviors could be labeled by individual standards rather than inRead MoreWhite Collar Crimes And Street Crimes1083 Words   |  5 PagesWhite-collar crimes are just as prevalent today as ordinary street crimes. Studies show that criminal acts committed by white-collar criminals continue to increase due to unforeseen opportunities presented in the corporate world, but these crimes are often overlooked or minimally pub licized in reference to criminal acts on the street. Many street crimes are viewed as unnecessary, horrendous crimes because they are committed by lower class citizens, whereas white collar crimes are illegal acts committedRead MoreThe General Strain Theory, And General Integrated Theory853 Words   |  4 Pageslead to criminality but the greater the negative reaction, the higher the probability for criminality. Also, a negative reaction perpetuates further negative reactions which leads to a higher probability of criminal activities, especially if social bonds and attachments are low (Heidt Wheeldon, 2015). Problems with Integrations One of the problems with the cross-level theory is that it focuses exclusively on street behavior while completely ignoring crimes such as white collar or corporate

The Integrating Acquired Companies Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1739 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? What are most significant differences between design/positioning /planning school of strategic management and resource based view? The design school is applied by formulating clear and unique strategies in a deliberate process. The design school is also known as process of conception, in this process, the internal situation of the organization of the environment (12Manage, n.d.) .The planning school; thorough steps are taken from the moment of the analysis of the situation to the actual execution (12Manage, n.d.). The positioning school, this is also known as analytical process, this strategy is used by placing the organization within its industry, and looks at how the organization can improve its position with their respective industry (12Manage, n.d.). Even though approaches to the design, planning and positioning are different, the design and planning schools are both prescriptive in character, as is the positioning school of thought. In the three schools of th ought discussed above, the environment is seen as relatively constant (Volberda Elfring, 2001). Resource based view, is a method of looking at the firm as a bundle of resources in turn of approaching strategy (Powell, 2005). To achieve sustainable competitive advantages, resource based view evaluates internal resources of the organization and emphasizes resources and capabilities (Madhani, 2009). To enable firms carry out their activities, resources can be considered as inputs. Strategic choices decided by firm while competing in external business environment is determined by internal resources and capabilities (Madhani, 2009) The most significant difference between the perspective school of management and resource based view is that the strategic school of management emphasizes economies of scale and scope such as giving a guide to organization on acquisition, mergers and diversification, budgeting, and analyzing the organizations position within the industry resource based view emphasizing on brand and value creation. While the perspective schools use tools such as Swot analysis, scenario planning and five forces in order to think, program and analyze, resource based view makes an organization to look at their tangible and intangible assets, processes, skills and the leadership aspect of the company .In order to illustrate the significant differences, I would like to compare the differences between the schools of perspective and resource based view. Positioning school enable an organization to identify their position by identifying cost leadership, focus and differentiation,(ÃÆ' Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ rÃÆ' Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ µnd, 2006 ), while on the other hand RBV gives importance to the leadership level of the organization and views the firm as bunch of resources which is said in the above. However, organization who effectively able to use both of them effectively it would benefit the organization in order to reach their goal and know where they stand, for example t hey are able to use the SWOT analysis to identify their strength, weakness, opportunities and threats and at the same time use the resource based view to identify what values or brand name in the organization which can be seen as a large asset to the organization. The biggest advantage of resource-based view is that the resource one company holds are hard to be practiced by a competitor. Question 2 How do these different approaches allow to gain insights into the way successful organizations execute strategy? In order to succeed, companies have to deal with different parts of strategies independently and practice balanced strategies and apply a balanced approach to business system. Many organizations have successfully used these different approaches and executing strategy. I would be using 3 case studies in order to give a better on how this organization uses these different approaches to execute their strategy. Case study #1 Business Management Case Study: How Cis co Applies Companywide Expertise for Integrating Acquired Companies Cisco is a IT company which uses resource based view and the design school. Cisco uses acquisition of other companies to rapidly offer new products, reach new markets, and grow revenue (Cisco, n.d.). Since 1993, the organization have acquired more than 120 companies which consist of small startups to large established firms such as Linksys, Scientific Atlanta, and WebE (Cisco, n.d.). The phases, which is followed by Cisco, clearly illustrates that the organization is effectively using resource-based view and designing school. By using their internal resources such as cross-function teams, common principles, and standard processes, Cisco has developed a formal, repeatable approach to acquisition integration (Cisco, n.d.). The acquisition integration is done by using 3 phases, firstly discovery and planning, where the organization they assess their scope, model their business and integration planning, the second phase, execution, the organization ensure that they are operational readiness and activate their employee, resources and integration task in order to execute the deal with the acquired company, and the final phase, monitoring, ongoing measurement an adjustment of the integration activity (Cisco, n.d.).As stated by Graeme Wood, Direct of the acquisition integration, in the case study, Cisco centralizes acquisition integration as it is effect and allow them to capture best practices, use their skills and resources more effectively and apply discipline and over sight to the entire acquisition process (Cisco, n.d.). Another statement from Pat Belotti, senior manager of sales acquisition in the case study, integrated Cisco worldwide sales operation, the most important benefit of Ciscos standard integration process that the process help Cisco avoid a purge in revenues, in fact the organization is able to increase their revenues rapidly by applying the organizations resources to assist th e acquitted sales department reach their maximum potential (Cisco, n.d.) Case Study #2 Adding value through asset optimization, an Anglo American Case study In this case study Anglo American, a mining company which has a vision of becoming the investment partner and employer of choice in the mining industry, one of its strategy to achieve that ambition is asset optimization and by executing its strategy has been able to achieve on its stated target of saving $1 billion from core operations by 2011 (Anglo American, n.d.). This strategy was executed using the school of planning and resource based view theoretical approaches, in order to achieve their ambition and decided a target of $ 1 Billion from their operations (planning), they decided to optimize their assets. A important feature of development within the asset optimization program was its design, piloting and introduction into Anglo Americans day-to-day business in order for this strategy to be executed a formalized in ternal process called Operation reviewers, this team was full consist of Anglo Americans internal resources, initially they reviewed their operations, Anglo American consistently review their process to make sure that the process is efficient as possible, the operations reviewers apply a structured evaluation process in three functional areas which are operational improvement , technical assessment , safety and sustainable development assessment they combined their central technical capacity with the operational expertise to create a team and focused on delivering value from operational improvement (Anglo American, n.d.). Anglo Americans optimization process sets out a clear view of how operational improvement can be planned for. There are five phases, starting with recognizing an opportunity (investigate numerous ways to lower the mines carbon footprint) followed by the idea stage (found out that a mobile flare design would solve the problem) followed by the initiative stage (a det ailed plan were created by technical expert from Anglo American) and finishing with putting an improvement into practice (Anglo American, n.d.). Anglo American has effectively used the school of planning and resource based view by effectively planning the asset optimization using their resources and as a result has gained sustainable benefits worth billion of pounds. (Anglo American, n.d.) Case Study #3 Delivering a business strategy, a TNT case study In this case study, TNT, a business to business express delivery service and how the organization is delivering a business strategy using school of positioning and resource based view .In the case study TNT has identified that their organization has a distinctive position and that their market position is based on differentiating itself from rival through their intangible resources (resource based view) (TNT, n.d.), TNT has developed a strategy map that puts the customer on the top at their highest priority of the business (TN T, n.d.). The organization wants everyone involved with the business informed on how the organization will be able to achieve its goals (TNT, n.d.).The TNT case study of Delivering a business strategy shows that Operational Excellence is achieved through a strong foundation of fast, reliable and quality services (TNT, n.d.). From there, by understanding what different customers expect, the organization is able to improve the customer relationship and experience (TNT, n.d.). By building a stronger customer relationship the organization is able to build a higher level of loyalty and commitment. The organization views the innovation process is about identifying the future needs of the organizations customers and by establishing a stronger relationship the business is able to develop a joint approach and shared vision (TNT, n.d.). This strategy map involves quality employees in order to meet their aims and effectively carry out the strategy. In the case study, TNT have stated their miss ion to surpass customers expectations and experience in the transfer of their goods and documents all around the world and by delivering value to the organizations customers by providing the most reliable and efficient solutions through their delivery networks and seek to lead the industry by instilling pride in their people and at the same time creating value for our stakeholders and be socially responsible around the world (TNT, n.d.). In order to achieve their aim TNTs biggest resource is their employees from various departments such as distribution, sales and marketing, finance, customer service and HR. .To ensure employees standards keep on growing, TNT emphasizes on development of employees (TNT, n.d.). By developing the organizations biggest resource, people, the organization ensures that it will have the capability to meet and implement quickly any necessary changes in the organizations strategy (TNT, n.d.).The organization also nurture new employees fresh from the market by offering a in house a five year apprenticeship program for people under 22 years old (TNT, n.d.) .TNT has successfully have used the positioning school and resource based view and successfully have a crafted an effective strategy. Conclusion A competitive advantage gives organization-enhanced capabilities for developing and delivering strategic value. Companies should have several competitive advantages, difficult to copy or duplicate, and sustainable over the long-term (Williams, 2007). The three companies above from the three case studies above has clearly have illustration combining school of taught to achieve their mission and vision. Don’t waste time! 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Diversity Reflection Essay - 896 Words

Diversity Reflection Abstract The purpose of this paper is to reflect upon the diverse experiences that I have had in my personal and professional life. Fortunately, I have had a large mix of diverse friends and experiences in my life. This paper will discuss those diversities as well as the plan to expand on my current knowledge. Keywords: Diversity, culture, differences Growing up I always had the opportunity to interact with diverse groups. My father is a retired master sergeant of the United States Army. He is African-American and was born and raised Baptist in Kentucky. He married my mother who is South Korean and Buddhist. I spent the first three years of my life living in South Korea where my father was stationed. We†¦show more content†¦It is always helpful to have some type of knowledge in case you meet or begin working with a person who is a member of a diverse group. If ever I encounter someone whose diversity I am not familiar with, I ask him or her questions to learn more. I do my best not to offend them by asking general questions and let them lead the conversation. I usually start off by asking where a person is from and go from there. I make it a point to let them know that I am always interested in learning about diverse groups so that they know I am curious about their culture. One of my favorite past times is going to festivals. This is a great way for me to learn about diverse groups. I only knew what textbooks taught me about Native Americans but when I moved to Oklahoma three years ago, I learned a lot more than I had ever learned before! I was able to visit the Museum of the Great Plains, attend Indian festivals, and make friends with Native Americans. Tasting, seeing, and interacting with them made the learning experience much richer than any book could have. Not only do I support groups of diverse ethnic backgrounds, I also try to learn more about different religions, disabilities, and social diversities. I have visited the local Jewish Education Alliance several times in Savannah, GA and I was privileged enough to be able to tour the Jewish synagogue a few years ago. People withShow MoreRelatedReflection Paper On Cultural Diversity1815 Words   |  8 PagesFinal Reflection Paper During this summer semester, I have learned many important skills concerning my internship at Retreat of Lancaster County. These skills can be divided into four categories - social and cultural diversity, helping relationships, group work, and assessment. Retreat of Lancaster County is an inpatient drug and alcohol rehabilitation center with both rehab and detox levels. At this location, I have been able work with patients entering recovery for alcohol use, heroin use, prescriptionRead MoreReflection On Diversity And Diversity867 Words   |  4 Pageshis or her diversity. Also, a leader needs to include every individual to participate in the activities or meetings. The chapter contains the explanation, the history, practice, and barriers of both diversity and inclusion. I will share my reflection about understanding and using diversity and inclusion to become a better leader. According to the article, diversity is the existence of different cultures or ethnicities within a group or an organization. So it telling me that diversity is that eachRead MoreReflection On Diversity827 Words   |  4 PagesA Reflection on the Analysis Diversity for me is central to having a successful, creative, dynamic education environment where everyone is welcomed. Without diversity, I think we are less creative individually and collectively. I can describe diversity as a collection of people who have their own unique qualities, who are different and sharing and embracing each other’s individual beliefs, cultures, and thoughts. The differences could be cultural, racial, or learning styles. According to ColemanRead MoreReflection On Diversity865 Words   |  4 PagesReflection I am a young black woman who is trying to pave the way to success through furthering my education. Everything I bring to the table adds to the spectrum of diversity. Growing up I always felt different. The elementary school I attended , I always could recognize where I differed from everybody else. My hair, my skin tone, my gap (before the braces), and especially height. It wasn’t easy but the older I became, I learned to embrace every aspect of me. Diversity to me is what you bring toRead MoreDiversity Analysis And Reflection On Diversity Essay2454 Words   |  10 Pages 3rd Diversity Summary Reflection The purpose of reflecting on others diversity presentation is to allow us students to learn how we compare to others and how we differ from others in the aspect of the internal and external dimensions. This summary will reflect the dimensions of religion, sexual orientation/identity, and disability. Others presentations allow us to be informed on other perspective per these dimensions. Not any two people in the world are completely the same. Everyone goes throughRead MoreReflection On Diversity974 Words   |  4 Pagesthough I almost panic-picked this course, I am expecting to acquire some knowledge about different topics that I have never experienced. Every teacher and professor are unique with their style of teaching, and I am looking forward to learning about diversity. 2. Your expectations and what you hope to get out of this course? As an international student in the most multicultural city in the world, I want to learn the differences and my concept of viewing the world with much wider range through thisRead MoreDiversity Reflection1049 Words   |  5 Pagesexposed to diversity as it was not present, or encouraged. Diversity did not exist within the walls of my school. I decided that I valued education that promotes the awareness, acceptance and respect of diversity. Because of that, I decided to create a series of activities combining elements of the Kindergarten Social Studies and Career Education curriculum. These activities intertwine with each to create a large scale project with the intent to promote and support the reality of diversity within LadnerRead MoreReflection On Diversity792 Words   |  4 Pages In order to be inclusive on campus, and gain the most from your time at this University, you must become comfortable to engage with others who are unlike yourself and to extend your network. Through t his video I learned what kind of diversity a person may provide to their community on multiple different levels, and how we create biases against others based on these traits which we observe. I am able to apply this to my personal life because it reminds me that when I meet new people I shouldnt beRead MoreDiversity Reflection976 Words   |  4 Pages1) The major question I feel like I didn’t answer well was my knowledge of culture and diversity. Specifically, I talked in depth about working with individuals with diverse ethnic backgrounds, but I did not think of diversity variables such as age, gender, SES, education level, etc. You should be prepared to talk about your clinical experiences (i.e., what they were, what your role was, were there any ethical issues that came up, etc.). For example, I worked as an in-home behavioral therapistRead MoreReflection Paper : Diversity Reflection Journal2144 Words   |  9 PagesDiversity Reflection Journal I had the pleasure of interviewing five great people that talk about their lives and how it all unfold before their eyes. Some shredded tears, laughed, took me on tours, and even shared photos of their lives. I had a great opportunity to share some background information about myself in so many ways, that most of them did not know that person lived in me. The five people that I interviewed were kept anonymous I have included their first initial, their full last name,

Diary Entry for Macbeth Free Essays

The witches have just told me their prophecy and I don’t know what to think. I have to tell my wife, she is an ambitious women and will be thrilled to find out the news. That in my future I will no longer be thane of Cawdor. We will write a custom essay sample on Diary Entry for Macbeth or any similar topic only for you Order Now I will move on to bigger and better things. For prophesised in my future I will become the great King of Scotland. But how am I to achieve these goals of becoming a king. Duncan is a dear friend of mine and trusts me like a brother. How possibly could I deceive him, however although I cherish the friendship of the king I don’t see him fit for the thrown. I am the one who needs to be in charge, to lead the people of Scotland to glory. I deserve the thrown. How can I harbour these thoughts they are thoughts of evil. King Duncan doesn’t deserve this treachery. He is the King, the man chosen from God to lead the Scottish people. Im not sure on what I am to do, but when I meet with my wife we shall decide together. She usually knows what is right. For now i will try to get a good sleep and think about the long journey back home. During The Murder As I put the pillow to Duncan’s chest I felt sick, I felt like no body could trust me. For Duncan is a friend, how should my friends let alone my enemies think. So I put the dagger down and quickly thought of turning back. I saw the look in his eyes, he wouldn’t forgive me if I turned back now he would send me to prison. So I built up all my courage and stabbed the dagger through his chest, then a second time through his heart to make sure the great king was dead. As soon as I was finished my unholy deed I fled back to room where my wife would meet me. As I got back I had realised I had forgotten to frame the guards and cover up my tracks. As I was to shocked, devastated and had partially lost my mind I couldn’t complete the deed, so my wife had to cover my tracks. I felt less of a man but what was done had to be done and then it was over. After The Murder What have I done, it’s all a mistake. Duncan is a great man loved by many, he didn’t deserve to die such a painful death, in fact he didn’t deserve to die at all. My wife she has corrupted me, but she is not to blame because I am the one who covered the Kings mouth to stop his loud screams from escaping his chamber, and I am the one who slowly dug the dagger through his bare chest till he could not scream any more, till he slept not only for a night but eternally. I have no idea what to do, I am so confused. Should I tell people the atrocity that took place last night in my castle? I feel so alone in the world and I cannot tell my wife these feelings of guilt and regret because she is like a heartless demon, she will taught my feelings till I have no goodness left in me. Although it will be difficult I shall keep this secret safely kept in my bosom so that she will not taunt my feelings and feel I am the weakest link and that I will spoil our plans of becoming royalty. How to cite Diary Entry for Macbeth, Papers

IT Infrastructure Management for Liberty Wines - MyAssignmenthelp

Questions: 1.What business risks had Liberty Wines faced?2.How does Liberty Wines IT infrastructure impact its competitive advantage?3.How did server virtualization benefit Liberty Wines and the environment?4. What data and IT problems were limiting FinCENs ability to fight financial crime?5.Describe the IT upgrades and capabilities needed by FinCEN in order to achieve its mission.6.On what does financial intelligence depend?7.Why is the ability to identify patterns and relationships critical to national security? Answers: 1. Liberty Wines experienced a huge growth in the business and the department of IT failed to successfully handle the increase in volume of data. The frameworks were quite slow and needed more efforts on maintenance. This implied loss of efficiency of employee, and also affects the core processes of business, for example, arrange processing of order and management of inventory As the service level is not provided, the clients expect in a quick paced condition or the capacity to oblige development, they gambled loss of future business as well as the potential loss of current clients. 2. The reduction of costs of replacement of hardware, power and air conditioning helps in improving the resilience as well as stability with the help of backup system. This helps in speeding up of the process of business that enable the faster running of app, improvement of the bottom line as well as better services to the customers are been provided by employees with great productivity (Nguyen, Min Park, 2015). Moreover, the growth of business in future helps to accommodate rapidly as well as in an easy manner. Competitive advantages are achieved by the organization by reduction of costs, improvement of services and scope for growth in future. 3. The reduction of 10 servers to 4 servers among which one of the server is been booked for the backup system causes cut in for the power use as well as 60 percent costs of air conditioning the helps to improve the bottom line and the assists to reduce the carbon footprint. The operation of application is faster by better utilization that yields in better services to the customers and excellent management of inventory. The costs of hardware replacements are been reduced by 69500 dollars as well as when required the servers can be integrated rapidly and with ease. 4. The report containing the data which the financial institution needs to provide to FinCEN is of inconsistent quality as well as lacking in both standardization and validation. During the analyzing of data FinCEN got restricted to simple routines as well as small datasets. The bureau failed in conducting the analysis transversely of massive datasets as well as they lack capabilities in proactive analyzing and trending of prediction. The data reported was done by utilizing different systems those were offline. These issues combined for FinCEN to confront the issues in rapidly detecting the emerging and innovative threats as well as assist in disrupting of criminal enterprises. 5. The upgrading of FinCEN in its capabilities of analytics, infrastructure and databases of Information Technology was done. The analytics that was upgraded required for better collecting and data analyzing with the help of multiple sources. It also helps them by providing the federal, state, regulatory authorities as well as locally enforcement. The analytics of the organization in recent time have the access of improved analytics as well as capabilities of examination. The upgrading of database was done by converting all the data of eleven years from the system legacy to new record system of FinCEN. The company having the upgraded infrastructures of IT helps the organization in receiving, processing and storing all the reports of FinCEN electronically. The organization released FinCEN Query Web-based app. This is an innovative tool for searching that is been accessed by the analytics of FinCEN, enforcement of law, regulatory users and intelligence by providing the real-time for ac cessing the past eleven years data of Bank Secrecy Act. 6. The dependence of financial intelligence is on the effective analytics of data for identification of patterns as well as relationships which reveal the illicit activity. 7.The intelligence has the increased speed as well as ability for detecting the financial launderers as well as terrorist financers. It also helps in disrupting every criminal activities happening within the nation. Research recent financial crimes that FinCEN has detected and disrupted. Explain the role of data analytics in crime detection. The mission of the organization is to provide safeguard for the financial system from the financial crime and promote the security within the nations for analyzing and disseminating the financial intelligence. The unit of fraud detection as well as internal auditors manages the data as well as the system and then process the detection of fraud. The service of real time helps in decision making (Cross, 2016). Reference List Cross, C. (2016). Using financial intelligence to target online fraud victimisation: applying a tertiary prevention perspective.Criminal Justice Studies,29(2), 125-142. Nguyen, T. A., Min, D., Park, J. S. (2015). A comprehensive sensitivity analysis of a data center network with server virtualization for business continuity.Mathematical Problems in Engineering,2015.

Sun Also Rises And Jake Barnes Essays - English-language Films

Sun Also Rises And Jake Barnes People often mentally distance themselves from their peers do to flaws and irregularities that they may suffer from. In The Sun Also Rises Jake Barnes constantly seems to be distanced and un willing to accept the people and environment that he lives in. The impotence that Jake Barnes physically suffers from leads him to suffer from mental impotence regarding the reality of his actions and the environment in which he lives. Aside from Jakes own actions, this impotence is reflected through supporting characters such as Brett and Cohn by the authors' use of the literary devices parody and irony. Jake Barnes is a veteran ex-patriot of WWI living in Paris, France. During the war Jake received a wound that led him into a life of physical impotence. While in a hospital Jake met and fell in love with Lady Brett Ashley whom he desires throughout the novel. Jake is the editor of a newspaper in France, yet his life circulates around his journey to find meaning and acceptance into society. Jake is often measuring the morals of others and trying to find an appropriate way to go about his own life. Jake and the other characters, who suffer from similar mental impotency for one reason or another, are often found to be drinking and seeking sexual relations. Through these actions Jake is attempting to numb himself to the reality that is the world he lives in yet does not understand. Jake goes to bars and drinks so that he might escape from the turmoil his meaningless life has become. Jake is often found to be making attempts to please Brett in any way possible, through this he reveals that he is attempting to gain her acceptance and affection but does not realize that many of these actions are only leading her further from him. Jake feels unaccepted because that he cannot participate in a ritualistic part of the lives that his peers exploit, sex. The use of parody in The Sun Also Rises allows for the reader to relate the characters different experiences to their impotence. I one of the first scenes Jake is found riding in an horse drawn open air taxi with a prostitute whom he has picked up to keep him company and give the appearance that he is promiscuous. Just after this incident Jake is riding in an enclosed taxi with Brett participating in an emotional struggle. The first scene is romantic and flagrant with its appealing environmental descriptions and fancy carriage whereas in the second scene the surroundings depict construction and a more dismal environment, not at all romantic. This parody is relevant because that Jake did not want to be exposed to the rest of the world when his body did not accept Brett, yet in the carriage with the prostitute he was merely attempting to appear as if he were a part of the sexual atmosphere that he lives in. Jake spends the entire novel searching for the affection of Lady Brett, yet in many instances urges her to go and be with other men. Through such irony it is revealed that Jake wants more than anything to make Brett happy. When Jakes handicap does not allow him to be with Brett he attempts to please her by finding others that can do so. By doing so Jakes emotions are only damaged to a greater extent yet he sees it as rational. Jake becomes jealous and angry after Cohn has an affair with Brett because that he believes that Cohn is the only one in his circle of friends who has not become disillusioned and daunted by society. The Sun Also Rises is the story of Jake Barnes' search for a way to go about living his life and find acceptance. Throughout the novel the reader is allowed to see what is wrong with his life and what he is doing wrong in his attempts to fix it. Jake does not grasp that he has the ability to gain Brett's acceptance without being her sexual partner.

Literature Review of Celebrity Endorsement Essays

Literature Review of Celebrity Endorsement Essays Literature Review of Celebrity Endorsement Essay Literature Review of Celebrity Endorsement Essay Running head: A LITERARY REVIEW OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT Celebrity Endorsement in Mass Media Advertising Brands Celebrity endorsement in mass media advertising has become a very beneficial phenomenon for many countries and has significantly increased in the past decade, and should be the main principle of brand communications since it is the key to marketing success. Any product that is displayed in a television commercial or magazine advertisement by a corporation that uses a celebrity or well known public figure to give a testimonial or information about the product, is practicing celebrity endorsement. Although commonly thought of starting in the United States, celebrity endorsement began in India during the ‘80s but has since been adopted by countries in Asia, Europe, and almost worldwide. Modern mass media (especially that of tabloids) has increased exposure of celebrities to the point that it is unavoidable to not be exposed to a celebrity face. The primary principle that celebrity endorsement works off of is the public recognition of the celebrity endorser as an admirable or desirable cultural force. It is not uncommon to view commercials from the past 10 years and see popular icons like Britney Spears endorsing a particular soft drink like Pepsi or Michael Jordan endorsing Nike as the number one brand for anyone that has even the slightest liking to sports. These celebrities among many others, are used to promote products, services, and ideas (Kambitsis et al. , 2002). A reason for the increase in the usage of celebrity endorsing on various levels of mass media is almost exclusively due to the fact that this strategy results in more positive advertisement and product ratings (Dean and Biswas, 2001), as well as A LITERARY REVIEW OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT an increase in the purchasing of the product and in turn, increased finances for the producer (Erdogan, 2001). Most celebrity endorsers come from the entertainment and sports industries. Nevertheless, more than likely, the celebrity endorser is not known to the public for the product that they are endorsing (Friedman, 1979), therefore they are not experts of that product. As mentioned previously for example, Britney Spears has endorsed Pepsi. She s an iconic pop singer and even though she wrote a song called â€Å"Joy of Pepsi,† she is not an expert on what the best tasting soft drink is; her fame has no relation to what she is endorsing. Besides those obvious facts, Pepsi’s sales increased four times as fast as their competitor (DeNitto, 1994). Although celebrity endorsing is very expensive for the companies, in the long run it has often helped their sales because they are recognized by the public and viewed as more powerful t han an anonymous face of a model (Carroll, 2008). Celebrities are also interested in endorsing themselves in the product as their image considerably develops rather quickly along with the product. According to Speck (1988), endorsements involve three participants; sellers, endorsers, and target consumers. This is because the seller asks an endorser to use and evaluate a product, and then after trying a product, the endorser encourages the target consumers and personal fans to also purchase and try out the product. Advertising campaigns using celebrities to support brand strategy have in general tended to be repetitive, high-profile and loud extravaganzas in which the celebrity features prominently and directly, unlike the product itself, which seems more like an addition to the whole scheme of the advertisement (Carroll, 2009). Celebrity endorsement is a powerful marketing strategy compared to the A LITERARY REVIEW OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT likes of public relations and sales promotion but has been the most long-standing beneficial strategy out of all (Hsu and McDonald, 2002). Choosing the Celebrity Endorser Giving a brand a recognizable ‘face’ is often more than just a marketing strategy, but for better or worse can change a brand forever. Thus, choosing a celebrity endorser is of maximum importance and therefore done on a whole slew of parameters that include appeal, looks, popularity, product type, message type, etc. (Erdogan, 1999). The general belief among advertisers is that brand communication messages that are delivered by these selectively chosen celebrity endorsers, produce a higher appeal and recall than those advertisements that are not celebrity endorsed. Furthermore, when celebrities are recognized with brand names, it creates a positive attitude, as well as a distinct personality for the brand. For example, Forbes reported that Chanel, an extremely well known Parisian fashion house, acquired an endorsement deal with spokes icon Nicole Kidman, which in turn increased business by about 16%, without administering any changes whatsoever in fragrance or packaging, because â€Å"all of a sudden, younger women took notice of the brand (Forbes). † Credibility is also an obvious large part in determining who to use in endorsements for a specific product. Previous research has shown that celebrities that endorse several products at a time are seen as less credible to the typical consumer (Hsu and McDonald, 2002), rather than a celebrity who just endorses a single product. The reason for this insight is because a celebrity who endorses multiple products can seem as if they do not have a real liking or interest in a particular product and will just peddle any product that is asked of them. Another event that could A LITERARY REVIEW OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT iscredit a celebrity endorsement is negative press or events that are associated with the celebrity’s name. This very problem occurred in 2005 with supermodel Kate Moss. She was dropped from her endorsements from large companies Burberry, HM, and Chanel, when photographs of her snorting cocaine surfaced in magazines and websites. Companies using a celebrity endorser take into account the serious consequences (loss of revenue, bad image) of putting a tainted face to their produc t since as stated above, the brand’s whole personality is often dependent on the celebrity endorser. Another aspect that is taken into account pertaining to the effectiveness of the celebrity endorser is to directly measure the degree that the consumers evaluate the celebrity as genuinely liking the product that they are endorsing. According to Gilbert and Malone (1995), these evaluations are recognizable under a type of judgment called â€Å"correspondent inferences. † Correspondent inferences generally refer to a judgment that consumers observe the endorser’s behavior in the advertisement to then infer consistent character in the endorser. For example, the consumer would observe an athlete saying he loves the breakfast cereal Wheaties, and then the consumer would infer that the athlete really does, in fact, like Wheaties. Adding to this study, McCracken (1986) suggests that a celebrity that best represents the appropriate symbolic properties â€Å"of the product should be selected, thus, highlighting the importance of the cultural meanings of celebrities in the endorsement process. † Culturally speaking, Americans identify themselves more closely with celebrities and are more willing to accept and unconsciously accept endorsement messages. Brands are therefore seen as playing a fundamental, as well as A LITERARY REVIEW OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT complex role in the construction of the self (Carroll, 2009). We achieve self-consistency via brand consumption, purchasing brands that we perceive to be similar to our selfconcept. Defined as image congruence hypothesis, this suggests that brands perform a function of self-enhancement whereby consumers form perceptions about brands and compare these to their own value system, selecting brands that match the closest. All in all, the public’s fascination with the celebrities will continue on because of their role in society as an entertainer and in return, the use of celebrities in advertising will continue to increase (Pringle, 2004). Grant McCracken has proposed the Meaning Transfer Theory when referring to celebrity endorsement and its effectiveness. His theory states that a celebrity encodes a unique set of meanings that can be transferred to the endorsed product if used in the correct way. This theory takes place in three stages- encoding meanings, meaning transfer, and meaning capture. McCracken’s theory is described as first, encoding meanings: this is basically the age, gender, race, and wealth or personal lifestyle that a celebrity can be identified with by the public. For example, a celebrity can be seen as cute, witty, and charming due to any of those factors, since each person viewing these celebrities will make their own meanings about them (McCracken, 1986). The next stage that occurs is meaning transfer. This second stage transfers those meanings to a product and when those meanings are skillfully portrayed, celebrities are able to communicate the image more powerfully as endorsers. The final stage is meaning capture, which assumes A LITERARY REVIEW OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT that consumers purchase products not just for their practical value, but for their cultural and symbolic value that they can convey from the product. Agreeing with McCracken, Carroll also adds to this statement by reporting that the consumers now turn to brands of products less as bundles of utility and more so as â€Å"badges that contain social meaning† (Carrol, 2009). Simply put, it is the stage that the consumers hope to capture some part of the meaning from the first stage (cute, witty, etc. , which the celebrity endorser has seemed to have passed on to the product. This is especially true in celebrity promoted lifestyle products like perfumes, clothes, and consumer technology (McCracken, 1986). Because celebrity endorsements tie into people’s personal and cultural meanings, it seems that they will always infinitely be effective and have proven to be a sustainable marketing technique. Based on the previous research, this study will move forward and add to the literature by asking the following questions: RQ 1: Will all correspondent inferences be positively associated with the attitudes toward the advertised product? RQ 2: Will observers (consumers) still believe that the celebrity endorser likes the product more than the average user, even though they know the endorser is getting a large payment? References Dean, D. H. and Biswas, A. (2001). Third-party organization endorsement of products: an advertising cue affecting consumer pre purchase evaluation of goods and services. Journal of Advertising. 30 (4). Carroll, Angela. (2009). 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Culture and consumption: a theoretical account of the structure and movement of the cultural meaning of consumer goods. The Journal of Consumer Research. 13 (1). Onkvisit, S. and Shaw, J. (1987). Self-concept and image congruence: Some research and managerial implications. Journal of Consumer Marketing. 4(1). 13-23. Pringle, H. (2004). Celebrity sells. John Wiley and Sons Ltd. England. Ruiz, N. (2008). Can a star sell you style?. Forbes. com LLC.